July 1990 MCU Magazine
Table Of Contents
General Information
MCUC
This newsletter is published monthly for distribution to members of the Memphis Commodore Users Club. It is in no way connected with the Commodore Business Machine Ltd. or Commodore Inc. and Commodore products (CBM, PET, C64, C128, VIC20, Amiga) are registered trademarks of Commodore Inc. The MCUC is a nonprofit organization whose purpose is the free exchange of information & knowledge about the use of Commodore computer systems. Memberships are open to anyone; ownership of a computer is not required. Monthly meetings are open to the public & visitors are welcome.
Dues are broken down into three categories. Membership dues may be paid quarterly (3 months) at $6 or annually at $20.00. An associate membership is offered for those living outside a 45 mile radius of Memphis at $10 per year. All memberships are Family Memberships. Dues are not refundable.
Contribution to the MCUC magazine may be in any word processor. You may submit articles on disk, or a hardcopy, or upload to the MCUC BBS (362-0632). Other User Groups are welcome to reprint material from this magazine; we ask only that you give credit to the author and source.
The editor reserves the right to reject material submitted relating to illegal services, products or unethical practices. All material submitted becomes the property of MCUC. The 12th of each month is the DEADLINE FOR ARTICLES.
Meetings
General Membership Meeting - First Tuesday of each month, 7:00 PM in the new building Auditorium, State Technical Institute.
Beginner's Class - First Saturday after the first Tuesday. 1:00 PM Location to be announced each month.
Board of Director's Meeting - Monday after General Meeting. 7:30 PM State Tech, Rm 1106A in new building (near cafeteria).
128,CP/M,MS-DOS Sig Classes - Now meeting with the Memphis FOG group and Home Users Group. 4th Tuesday of each month at the Whitestation Library. Copy Session at 6 PM, Meeting starts as 7:00 PM.
Officers
President |
Bob Nunn 759-0461 |
|
Vice President |
Bob Earnheart 377-6416 |
|
Secretary |
Dick Coffman 829-3705 |
|
Treasurer |
Wayne Moore 756-5991 |
|
Librarian |
Jim West 366-5544 |
|
Education |
Ron Montgomery 767-0737 |
|
Newsletter |
Cheryl Nunn 795-0461 |
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BBS | 362-0632 | |
Sysop | Andrew George | 367-1266 |
Co-Sysop | Kevin Dunn | 357-0409 |
Advertising Rates
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Classified to Members FREE
All ads must be in by the 12th.
CIRCULATION: 300 copies
President's Ponderings - Commodore Education Offer
Commodore is the one who needs EDUCATION!
I just received a big package from Commodore addressed to the user group. It was their big education package. Nothing of real interest to a 64/128 only user group however. The entire package was oriented to the AMIGA. It is nice that they offer discounts to educators on hardware systems. A qualified educator can get a discounted Amiga 500 package for $799.00 or spend up to $3039.00 on the AMIGA 3000/25-40 package. What a value? Maybe it's just me, but I would really like for my daughter to learn computing on one of those machines, but really is this likely to happen in most public school systems?
I don't have to mention that the 64 was not included in Commodore's offerings. Why not a package for the 64? I realize that most colleges and most high schools wouldn't consider "the toy 64" but many Jr. Highs and Elementary Schools may find this a more affordable choice. I know that many Apple computers have found their way out there and they aren't cheap. I also know that Apple never had the support for the user that the 64 or 128 still has to offer.
Commodore also included a newsletter describing the multimedia capabilities and benefits the Amiga has to offer. They should be proud since the little 64 broke a lot of ground here. This month we are featuring graphics using material from video sources and production of title screens on video's using parts from Radio Shack, a new inexpensive video capture device, or an inexpensive program.
A close friend of mine recently purchased an Apple system from the school his wife teaches at. Seems they were upgrading to inexpensive IBM clones. he asked me if there were any active user groups here in Memphis. I didn't know of one. I know that the user group here is mostly Mac oriented and they are not highly visable. Any BBS's?? Not that I know of.
Are there any 64/128 BBS's?? So many I can't count them all. Is there a user group to support this computer. Well yes here we are, 16-24 pages of newsletter each month, 3-10 disk of the month offerings, a club sponsered bbs with 40 megabytes of storage online, education classes, seminars, outstanding member packages and regular monthly meetings.
Put that in your Apple/Amiga and smoke it.
Commodore, Why hast though forsaken us?
C-64 Support?
Reprinted from ACUG News June '90
Are you having a hard time finding any C-64 software or hardware? It looks like the "new marketing strategies" that Mr. Harold Copperman was referring to, are how to kill the C-64 off! We have lost yet another major supplier of CBM products. Lyco Computer Marketing and Consultants have dropped everything CBM related, from peripherals to software, citing Commodore's lack of support as the reason. If you want to keep your C-64 in use, write the the CEO, Mr. Harold Copperman, 1200 Wilson Dr., West Chester, PA 19380 and complain. If enough complaints end up on his desk, maybe something will be done. The Amiga should be getting the spot light, but killing off the C-64 at this point is nuts.
Videobyte II
Videobyte II is a video acquisition system for the Commodore 64 Computer. What does this mean? Well you can "capture" pictures from your tv, vcr, video camera, or computer. Anything that puts out a composite video signal will work. Videobyte II is available through The Soft Group, P.O. Box 111, Montgomery Ill. 60538 or call your order into 1-708-651-6667. The price is $79.95 plus $6.35 s/h.
Why would you want to, is one of my favorite questions. In this case you can use the capture screens to include with your own programs, build a side show or illustrate an article. This hardware device and software package saves its screens as koala files so that you can use any koala viewer to see your pictures.
Included in the package is a cartridge, a disk and a book. The cartridge hooks into the RS232 port (Modem Port) rather than the regular cartridge port. It supports EXPLODE (a color screen dump cartridge available from the same source) which is convenient since that port is open. The disk included has the main operating program plus utilities like a screen dump so that you may print out your files and a koala slideshow. I was disappointed in the slideshow program as there are better programs out there in PD. I was irritated that the screen dump program did not work at all. I finally figured out that the viewer and dump programs were not Jiffy Dos compatible and Jiffy had to be turned off. (Well there is two programs tha don't work with Jiffy, I wonder how much out of the way the programmer had to go to work that out, for no intelligent reason.) Probably the best thing about the package was the instruction manual. I could have written this manual. Straight step by step no theory involved type instructions that anyone who can read can follow.
How well does it work? Well a MacIntosh Compatible it ain't. It does fair 160x200, 4 shades of gray pictures and this ain't bad for an old 64k 8 bit computer. Did I mention that you can add color? You have the option of changing each of the 4 shades of gray to one of 15 colors each, giving you a potential of 32,000 colors (I didn't check their math). It captures them in a fast 2.2 seconds. I had trouble capturing some pictures as the items on the screen were in movement the entire time. Lets face it some people just never sit still. I think after you review some of the screen dumps you can judge for yourself. The main thing about using the cartridge is that it is great fun. My 9 year old daughter mastered the technique to capture the pictures and helped me pick out and even color some of the pictures. We used our VCR from recorded tape (recorded fast for best resolution). Using a camera or taking in direct signal might give you better pictures but I don't think by much, I did a few direct captures. I suppose you could convert these into a GeoPaint format fairly easily and then color them pixel by pixel.
Make sure you check out the two Koala Slideshow disks we prepared as disks of the month. MCUC BBS also has some sample files up free but the best ones are in the collections. One Disk of the Month contains captures from Star Trek Next Generation and the other has mixed subjects from Howard the Duck to Sean Connery as James Bond and many more.
Home Video Producer by Epyx
I have always had a mild interest in the computer to vcr connection and most of you have seen some of the demo tapes I have produced using some simple switches and two computers. While spectacular they aren't, they are instructional and interesting enough to keep people glued to them during Shows. I have spent some time making up a few low res screens introducing them using PD or shareware programs like screen gems, or sequenzer. You can do a fair job with these programs for free.
I have always wanted to do a bit more than just fair. With a computer you ought to be able to do more. Epyx has done just that. Now you can make your own introductions for your own movies! This program is almost the masterpiece for video that Print Shop was for printing. It is a complex, sophisticated and powerful program and yet by using the templates I had screens done in a few minutes while just briefly scanning the instructions.
The package includes a disk and a 38 page manual. The disk is unprotected so that you can install it on a 81 disk or on your hard drive!! The instructions include both IBM and Apple along with your Commodore instruction which make them a bit visually confusing. They are well written and straight to the point. It starts off with diagrams on how to wire up your vcr and computer so that you may record your work. I'm afraid that some people might get stuck here. It is however, very simple and a trip to Radio Shack will get you all the hardware you need to wire all your gear up.
This program is by Epyx and it is well done. It gives audio prompts of when to start recording and when to stop. They make it as easy as they can for you to get good results.
I'm sure I'll be learning on this one for sometime. It has enough features built in that you can do almost an unlimited amount of effects and each time you use it you should learn something new. Impressive!
See this program demo'd in our July Meeting. Some lucky member will win this one just for showing up and having the lucky ticket.
Member of the UGX on BIX, the
on-line service for computer-using
professionals. For information
call 1-800-227-2983.
Disks of the Month
We have some fun stuff for you this month that we think you will enjoy showing to your friends who aren't computer nuts. It will absolutely amaze them that a $100 computer can really do this!
July '90 Graphics
This disk contains a great Batman demo, the graphics are very high quality. Also on this disk, an award winning graphix demo. This demo was prepared for a contest sponsored by one of the biggest BBS's in California. You'll find Venom Writer 2, a program much like Future Writer, Kaleidoscope and Spirit of Art, a super graphics/music combo. The highlight of this disk; Upside Down Demo; it will absolutely amaze you!!
You've seen the review on the Videobyte II cartridge elsewhere in this issue. Now see what it can do! Advice: stand back a ways from your screen when viewing. Up close, they look like one of those paint-by-number oil paintings, but when you stand back, you get a better picture.
Videobyte Miscellaneous
Videobyte Miscellaneous contains screens taken from a James Bond Movie (see the lovely Jill St. John), Aliens, Superman, Ghostbusters II and others. See if you can pick out your favorite stars!
Star Trek Show
Star Trek Show contains screens from Star Trek, the Next Generation. Captain Picard, Data, Deanna, Riker and others come to life on your monitor.
128 Miscellaneous
We have a special feature on the 128 disk this month. One of our newer members, Jean McDill has donated a program put together by his son Robert. Called 128 Basic 4.5 for the 64, it gives you 128-like action of the Function keys, numeric keypad and other keys on you 128 in 64 mode! You also get the expanded Disk Commands and Screen commands formerly available to only the 128 mode. This program will also run on your 64, except you won't have the numeric keypad, no-scroll key and the extra cursor keys. Compatible with most public domain software, this program will save you many keystrokes.
As of press time, the 128 disk was not completed. Be sure to attend July's meeting to find out what other great programs we've collected for you 128 users this month!
Order the July Disks of the Month by sending your request along with $2 per disk, $5/3 disks ($1 P&H plus $.25 for each disk over 3) to:
MCUC
PO Box 34095
Memphis, TN 38134-0095
How to add 8k (or 32k) RAM to a 1541
By: Andrew E. Mileski
210-180 Lees Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario
Canada K1S 5J6
Copyright 24 March 1990
Distributed by The Club BBS
Downloaded from Ivory BBS
by Bob Nunn
EDITOR'S NOTE: This was originally two separate articles. I combined them due to lack of space. Many of the directions apply to both modifications. Those applying to one and not the other are noted with an 8k or 32k at the beginning of the instruction.
DISCLAIMER: MCUC is not in any way responsible for damage done to equipment if this modification is attempted. Use extreme caution and if in any doubt as to whether you can do this, don't! Let a qualified service technician make the modification for you.
NOTE: -----
This is for experienced hardware hackers only! Proceed entirely at your
own risk, and you can kiss the warranty goodbye!
This is based on a 1984 Revision A circuit board, but there should be enough info here to do the expansion on any 1541 drive with very little work, and only a little thought.
Hints for other versions of controller boards: Figure out which ROM is ROM0 ($C000-$DFFF) and ROM1 ($E000-$FFFF). You MAY have to bend pin 20 of each ROM 180 degrees to the vertical; this is the *ROMx pin. Ignore steps 13, 14, 15, and 16.
This may not be the easiest or best way to add RAM, but it does work. Seriously consider buying one of the RAM boards on the market today. They are easy to install.
!!WARNING!! You'll be handling very ESD sensitive devices! Make sure you and your tools are properly grounded at all times! (if you don't know what ESD stands for, don't even think about trying this!!)
An asterisk * before a signal means it is active low.
Feel free to contact me if you need some help, or have a project idea. (If it was not for RaymondD2 on Q-link asking how to add 8k to his 1541, I never would have written this file! Thanks Raymond!)
Note: I did this modification on my own drive. It does work. I modified it slightly; I now have 32k RAM installed!
1) Decide to add 8k or 32k. Most of todays software uses only 8k, but who know what may be in store for the future!
2) Obtain the parts (8k):
Two 74LS138 (3 to 8 line decoder), One 6264 (8k static RAM, 120ns) (note that
a 62LP64 is low-power), A small piece of pre-drilled board, Two 16 pin
wire-wrap sockets if you are going to wire-wrap the circuit.
2A) Obtain the parts (32k):
Two 74LS138 (3 to 8 line decoder), One 62256 (32k static RAM, 120ns) (note
that a 62LP256 is low-power), Two switching diodes (any will do), One 3.3k
Ohm 1/4 Watt resistor. A small piece of pre-drilled board, Two 16 pin
wire-wrap sockets if you are going to wire-wrap the circuit.
3) Open the disk drive case and remove the RF shield.
4) Mark one end of ALL connectors with a marker, so that you will be able to replace them later.
5) Unplug ALL connectors.
6) Unscrew the circuit board. Don't forget the screws that attach the heatsink to the frame.
7) Lift the circuit board out of the disk drive and place it on your anti-static conductive mat (or if you're desperate, a folded towel will do!) component side up, and in the same orientation (top of board is towards back of drive).
8) Find the 6116 (2k by 8 bit RAM) on the circuit board (24 pins and not socketed, left side at the back).
9) 8k - On the new RAM chip to be added carefully bend the following pins 180 degrees, so that they are pointing in the opposite direction: pin 2, 20, 22, 23, 27, and 28. These are the signals A12, *CS, *OE, All, *WE and +5 volts. Break off pin 1; we don't need it.
9a) 32k - On the new RAM chip to be added carefully bend the following pins 180 degrees, so that they are pointing in the opposite direction; pin 1, 2, 20, 22, 23, 26, 27, and 28. These are the signals A13, A12, *CS, *OE, A11, A14, *WE and +5 volts.
10) Sit the new RAM chip on top of the 6116 chip. The bottom pins should be aligned. Make sure that both of the chips have their top-of-chip reference marks pointing in the same direction.
11) Carefully solder the two chip's pins together so they are piggy-backed. Be carefull to avoid solder bridges between pins.
12) Locate the two 8k ROM chips on the circuit board (24 pins and socketed on right of 6116).
13) To the right of the ROMs, between the chips and the heatsink, you will see 3 silver dots on the PCB. These are pass-throughs to the other side of the board.
14) Flip the board over, and again find the same 3 pass-throughs.
15) Cut the trace leading to the front 2 pass-throughs (the ones towards the front of the drive). The *ROM0 and *ROM1 signals replace the original ROM chip selects that go to pin 20 on the ROMs, that is why you must cut the traces!
16) Solder a wire into the front pass-through; this is the *ROM0 signal. Solder a wire into the middle pass-through; this is the *ROM1 signal. The wires should be long enough to reach the front of the board plus about four inches.
17) 8k - Find the 6502 CPU chip (40 pins, on the right of the board). Solder wires to pins 8, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 34 and 39. These are the signals +5 volts, A11, ground, A12, A13, A14, A15, R/*W, and theta2. Solder two wires to pin 34, so you can connect the RAM chip.
17a) 32k - Find the 6502 CPU chip (40 pins) on the solder side of the board. Solder wires to pins 8, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, and 34. These are the signals +5 volts, A11, ground, A12, A13, A14, A15 and R/*W. Solder two wires to 23, 24, and 34 so you can connect the 62256 RAM chip.
18) 32k - On the component side of the board again with the 6502. Locate pin 25 (A15). Follow the trace leading from the pin to a pass-through. Cut the trace. Flip the board over and locate the pass-through again. Solder a wire into it; this is the FA15 signal.
Editors Note: There are no instructions for the 8k installation equivalent to number 18 above for the 32k. If you are in doubt at this point, Bob Earnheart volunteered to field any questions you may have.
19) 8k - On a small (1.25x1.75 inch) piece of circuit board, wire-wrap the ICs or use point-to-point soldering.
IC1, a 74LS138 pin | |||
1 | A14 | 16 | +5 volts |
2 | A15 | 15 | |
3 | Ground | 14 | |
4 | Ground | 13 | 6264 pin 20 |
5 | Ground | 12 | IC2 pin 4 |
6 | Theta2 | 11 | |
7 | 10 | ||
8 | Ground | 9 |
IC2, a 74LS138 pin | |||
1 | A13 | 16 | +5 volts |
2 | Ground | 15 | *ROM0 |
3 | Ground | 14 | *ROM1 |
4 | IC1 pin 12 | 13 | |
5 | Ground | 12 | |
6 | R/*W | 11 | |
7 | 10 | ||
8 | Ground | 9 |
19a) 32k - On a small (1.25x1.75 inch) piece of circuit board, wire-wrap the ICs or use point-to-point soldering.
IC1, a 74LS138 pin | |||
1 | A14 | 16 | +5 volts |
2 | A15 | 15 | FA15 |
3 | Ground | 14 | Diode1 |
4 | Ground | 13 | Diode2 |
5 | Ground | 12 | |
6 | +5 volts | 11 | |
7 | 10 | ||
8 | Ground | 9 |
IC2, a 74LS138 pin | |||
1 | A13 | 16 | +5 volts |
2 | A14 | 15 | |
3 | A15 | 14 | |
4 | Ground | 13 | |
5 | Ground | 12 | |
6 | R/*W | 11 | |
7 | *ROM1 | 10 | |
8 | Ground | 9 | *ROM0 |
Diode1 and Diode2 are the cathode ends (marked on diode with a band). Connect the anodes (other end) of each diode together and to a wire, and also to the same end of the resistor; the wire is the *CS signal for the 62256. To the opposite end of the resister (the end that isn't connected to anything yet), connect +5 volts.
Looks like this:
20) 8k - Connect the 6502, ROMs, and RAM chip signals to the 74LS138s. Run the wires to the front, right of the board (see below for RAM).
- Connect RAM pin 2 (A12) to the 6502 pin 22 (A12) wire.
- Connect RAM pin 20 (*CS) to IC1 pin 13 (*CS).
- Connect RAM pin 22 (*OE) to pin 14 (Ground) of the chip with a small wire.
- Connect RAM pin 23 (A11) to the 6502 pin 20 (A11) wire.
- Connect RAM pin 27 (*WE) to the 6502 pin 34 (R/*W) wire.
- Connect RAM pin 28 (+5 Volts) to 6116 pin 24 with a small wire
Run these wires to the left side of the board, and around to the solder side.
20a) 32k - Connect the 6502, ROMs, and RAM chip signals to the 74LS138s. Run the wires to the front, right of the board (see below for RAM).
- Connect RAM pin 1 (A13) to the 6502 pin 23 (A13) wire.
- Connect RAM pin 2 (A12) to the 6502 pin 22 (A12) wire.
- Connect RAM pin 20 (*CS) to the RDL "AND" gate as described in step 19.
- Connect RAM pin 22 (*OE) to pin 14 (Ground) of the chip with a small wire.
- Connect RAM pin 23 (A11) to the 6502 pin 20 (A11) wire.
- Connect RAM pin 26 (A15) to the 6502 pin 24 (A14) wire.
- Connect RAM pin 27 (*WE) to the 6502 pin 34 (R/*W) wire.
- Connect RAM pin 28 (+5 Volts) to 6116 pin 24 with a small wire.
Run these wires to the left of the board, and around to the solder side.
21) Replace the drive controller board in the drive, and mount the new small circuit board to the frame with a small machine screw.
22) BEFORE you screw the drive board in place, make sure the wires are not near the drive or transformer, and tape them in place to the bottom of the board.
23) Screw the disk controller board to the frame again.
24) Plus in all the connectors again. Check your reference marks.
25) Plus the drive in, and test to make sure the drive still works normally.
26) If okay, then replace RF shield and case cover. If not, power-down and check all your connections!
27) Pat yourself on the back, you're done! Now you have 8k (or 32k) RAM extra!
More 8k notes.
The 8k you installed is available at $8000-$BFFF (a 16k segment)
For example:
$8000-$9FFF, $9000-$AFFF, $a000-$BFFF Will all give you access to the same 8k of RAM.
ROM0 available at: $C000-$DFFF
ROM1 available at: $E000-$FFFF
The ROMs are read only, as they should be.
What does what.
IC1 decodes the 64k address space of he 6502 into four 16k segments, and also synchronizes to the system clock theta2. This IC selects the RAM chip directly.
IC2 decodes one of the above mentioned 16k memory segment to two 8k segments, and only allows read cycles to occur. This IC selects each ROM chip.
Why this way?
I did things this way so that the 8k of extra RAM would be available in the largest segment of memory possible. This is to allow compatibility with as much software as possible.
Note that I didn't have any schematics for the 1541, so this method is most likely not the best. I also didn't have a very wide selection of ICs on hand at the time, so I used what I had! In other words, if you know of a better method, share it with the rest of us!
More 32k notes.
The 32k you installed is available at $4000-$BFFF
ROM0 available at: $C0000-$DFFF
ROM1 available at: $E000-$FFFF
The ROMs are read only, as they should be.
How it works.
The 1541 is very sloppy about how it uses its 64k memory space. The first 32k ($0000-$7FFF) is reserved for the RAM and I/O chips. This is 2048+2*15 bytes needed, but almost 30k wasted! The second 32k ($8000-$FFFF) is for the 16k of ROMs, which means another 16k has been wasted! So, we clean up the memory map, and use 32k of the wasted 46k to add some more RAM! This wastes only 14k. I dare anyone to try to add 40k of memory :)
The nitty-gritty details.
IC1 decodes the 64k address space of the 6502 into four 16k segments. the first segment ($0000-$3FFF) is reserved for the drives own memory and I/O. This is done by generating a fake A15 signal which I call FA15. We allow this signal to go low (logic 0) only when we need the internal 2k RAM and I/O chips.
The next two segments ($4000-$BFFF) are our 32k expansion RAM area. An AND gate is formed with RDL (resistor and diode logic) to join the 16k segments.
The last 16k segment is reserved for the drive's ROMs, and is unused on IC1.
IC2 decodes the 64k address space into 8 memory segments of 8k. The last two segments ($C000-$DFFF, $E000-$FFFF) are for ROM0 and ROM1 respectively. The IC is enabled only on read cycles.
Data Tech Services, Inc.
6870 Hillshire, Suite #19, 20, and 21
Memphis, Tn 38133
901-385-7987
We are a full service repair,
sales, training company for all
types of computers (except Macs).
Thank you for your support.
Due to our increased overhead we
can no longer offer club discounts.
An authorized 64/128 and Amiga
repair center.
Simulating Movement
Since some of the stronger points of the Commodore family of computers are the excellent graphics capabilities, it's only logical that animation would become an extention of those points. Let's face it, the games we all play depend on it.
In general, the way one would aninate something, say a spinning ball, would be by drawing one position then changing the position (or angle of view) and redrawing the ball over the 1st one. Continuous and rapid changes create the illusion of movement. In BASIC, you can accomplish this in a couple of ways. Both are limited and, as we all know, basic is slow.
The first, and probably the easiest, is employing the use of sprites. Sprites, aka MOBs (Moveable Object Blocks), are small programmable areas of the computer's memory dedicated especially for this function. The 64/128 have 8 sprites available. Numbered from 1 to 8 in order of depth into the screen. That is, when employed, sprite #1 is front of #2 etc on up to 8.
Ther are many small programs available to help you to design, edit and display sprites on the 64. On the 128 it's a lot easier. The designers put a sprite editor right in the ROMs! In 40 column mode, type SPRDEF and up pops a screen for designing your sprites. Here are some additional commands that are built into the 128/40 for manipulating your sprites.
- SPRITE
- Toggles individual sprites on or off and sets assorted characteristics.
- MOVSPR
- Allows you to make your sprite move in any direction at any speed.
- SPRSAV
- Transfers sprite data to a string variable, from a string variable to a sprite, or from sprite to sprite.
- SPRCOLOR
- Sets one of 2 multi color modes for one or all sprites.
- COLLISION
- Handles detection of collision between sprites, display data (backgroud), and assists in use of a light pen.
Quickly displaying one sprite on top of another creates the desired movement or animation.
Your programmer's manual can explain all of these and the ones not mentioned here.
The other way of animating you screen is to POKE data onto the screen. Memory locations 1024 to 2023 on the 64 and the 40 column 128. If you poke the screen position with the ascii code # of the character you want to display it will show up at that position. Here's a very short program to illustrate:
10 for lo= 1024 to 2023:rem olctation to poke 20 poke lo,65:rem poke location with character 25 pokelo-1,32:rem print space in previous location to show only one character at a time. 30 next lo:rem do the NEXT location
If you run this program it will show an A running across the screen, left to right until it reaches the lower right part of the screen. It moves fairly quickly so you may want to insert at line # 27
27 for v=1 to 100:next:rem have the computer count to 100 before executing the next line number or statement
Counting to 100 makes the computer wait approximately 1.5 seconds before moving on to the next statement or line number.
Conversely, if you poke the same location with different characters the movement will occur in the same spot and simulate movement.
10 for lo= 1to128:rem characters to poke into location. 20 poke 1530,lo :rem poke location with character. 30 next lo:rem do the NEXT character.
Again you may want to put in a delay loop as in line number 27 above to slow down the action.
Until next month, Happy Computing!
Call the MCUC BBS
362-0632
Newsletter Staff
Cheryn Nunn-editor
Assistants-Harv Slemmons and
Connie Lincoln, Bob Nunn
Printer-Clarke's Quik Print, Brooks Rd.
Tips or Tricks
reprinted from BGCUG June '90
SX-64 Disktip Since a shifted run/stop on the SX-64 loads the first program on a disk, start each disk with a menu program. That way a single keypress gives you a complete list of the programs on the disk.
SELECTIVE DIRECTORIES If you want to get a directory of all files of a certain type, you can use one of the following commands.
Load"$*=p",8 (load PRG files only) Load"$*=s",8 (load SEQ files only) Load"$*=r",8 (load REL files only) Load"$*=u",8 (load USR files only)
Secretary's Notes
Secretary Notes 6-11-90
The official board was called to order at 7:40 P.M. Bob Nunn, Pres.
Officers present were
Bob Nunn, President
Wayne Moore, Treasurer
Ron Montgomery, Ed. Coordinator
Cheryn Nunn, Newsletter Editor
Richard Coffman, Secretary
Andrew George, SysOp
Beth George, Assistant Lib.
The main theme of the July general meeting will be graphics. Demos will be Videobyte II and Epyx Home video Producer.
The disk exchange program with other clubs is being followed up on. The future of the exchange program will depend on the response of the other clubs.
The drawing for July will be for the Epyx Home Video Producer.
Meeting adjourned at 9:15 P.M.
Respectively submitted,
Classified Advert
For Sale: Commodore 128 computer with 1571 disk drive and RGB color monitor. Jiffy Dos V4 installed. $500 Call Guy King 853-4454
Treasuree's Report
Treasurer's Report 06-19-90
OPENING BALANCE 05-15-90 | $ 1074.99 |
DEPOSITS: | |
---|---|
LIBRARY DISK SALES | $ 181.50 |
MEMBERSHIP DUES (7 Members) | 140.00 |
WRITE STUFF SALES | 69.00 |
NOTEBOOK SALES | 88.00 |
-------- | |
TOTAL | $478.50 |
EXPENSES: | |
BBS TELEPHONE (MAY) | $ 20.65 |
NEWSLETTER (MAY & JUNE) | 323.25 |
NEWSLETTER SUPPLIES | 3.79 |
NEWSPAPER ADS (MAY) | 7.00 |
POSTAGE | 35.76 |
BULK MAIL POSTAGE | 100.00 |
MISC SUPPLIES | 12.12 |
NOTEBOOKS (PART) | 400.00 |
-------- | |
TOTAL | $ 902.57 |
CLOSING BALANCE 06-19-90 | $ 650.92 |
Index
Officer's Articles | 3, 15 |
Disks of the Month | 6, 7 |
Feature Articles | |
Videotype II Review | 4 |
Home Video Producer Rev. | 5 |
How to add Ram to 1541 | 8 |
Simulating Movement | 13 |